A. Fill in the Blanks

(Choose the correct word and fill in the blanks.)

__________ provide energy to the body.
Proteins are essential for __________ and muscle building.
Vitamins and minerals are needed in __________ amounts.
__________ is the undigested part of plant food.
Water helps in the __________ of nutrients inside the body.
A diet that contains all nutrients in proper amounts is called a __________ diet.
Night blindness is caused due to lack of __________.
Goitre is caused due to deficiency of __________.
Diseases that spread from one person to another are called __________ diseases.
Mosquitoes breed in __________ water.

B. Match the Following

Column A	Column B
1. Carbohydrates	a. Prevents rickets
2. Proteins	b. Provides energy
3. Vitamin D	c. Growth and repair
4. Iron	d. Anaemia
5. Roughage	e. Helps in digestion

C. Write True or False

We can stay healthy by eating only carbohydrates and proteins.
Vitamins help the body to fight diseases.
Obesity can be caused by excess intake of fatty foods.
Communicable diseases do not spread from person to person.
Washing hands regularly helps prevent diseases.

D. Very Short Answer Questions

Name any two sources of carbohydrates.
Which vitamin is required for good eyesight?
What is a deficiency disease?
Name one disease caused by lack of iron.
What is hygiene?

E. Short Answer Questions

What is a balanced diet?
Write two functions of water in our body.
What are non-communicable diseases? Give one example.
How do communicable diseases spread through food and water?
Write any two ways to prevent communicable diseases.

F. Identify the Disease (Write the correct disease name)

Caused by lack of Vitamin C – __________
Caused by lack of Vitamin D – __________
Caused by lack of Vitamin B1 – __________
Caused by lack of iodine – __________
Caused by lack of iron – __________

G. One-Word Answers

Disease caused by germs – __________
Substance that kills disease-causing germs – __________
Practice of maintaining cleanliness – __________
Injection that protects us from diseases – __________

H. Long Answer Questions

Explain the five main components of food. Write one function and two sources of each.
What is a balanced diet? Why is it important for our body? Explain in detail.
Describe any four deficiency diseases. Mention the nutrient whose deficiency causes them and one food source to prevent each disease.
Explain how communicable diseases spread. Write any four preventive measures to control them.
What is hygiene? Explain the role of personal and community hygiene in preventing diseases.

I. Real-Life / Case-Based Questions

Case Study 1

Ravi eats rice, bread, and potatoes daily but avoids vegetables, fruits, and milk. He often feels tired and falls sick easily.

Questions:
a) Which important nutrients are missing in Ravi’s diet?
b) What type of diet is Ravi taking?
c) Suggest any three foods that Ravi should include in his daily meals.

Case Study 2

Meena has pale skin and feels weak even after small physical activities. The doctor says she has a deficiency disease.

Questions:
a) Name the disease Meena is suffering from.
b) Which nutrient is lacking in her body?
c) Write two food items that can help her recover.

Case Study 3

During the rainy season, water collects near Aman’s house. Many people in his locality fall sick due to mosquito bites.

Questions:
a) Name one disease that can spread due to mosquito bites.
b) What type of disease is it?
c) Write two steps Aman’s family should take to prevent this problem.

Case Study 4

Sonia eats a lot of burgers, fries, ice creams, and oily food. She avoids exercise and spends most of her time watching TV.

Questions:
a) Which health problem is Sonia likely to suffer from?
b) What is the main reason for this problem?
c) Write two healthy habits Sonia should follow.

Case Study 5

Rohan used his friend’s handkerchief when his friend had a cold. After two days, Rohan also developed a cold and fever.

Questions:
a) What type of disease is common cold?
b) How did the disease spread to Rohan?
c) Write two ways to prevent such diseases.

J. DIAGRAM BASED QUESTIONS

🟢 1. Balanced Diet Diagram

Question

Observe the diagram of a Balanced Diet.

a) Name any four food groups shown in the diagram.
b) Which food group gives energy to the body?
c) Which food group helps in growth and repair?

Answer

a) Cereals, fruits, vegetables, milk/eggs/pulses
b) Carbohydrates
c) Proteins

🟢 2. Nutrients and Their Sources Diagram

Question

Observe the diagram and match the food items with nutrients.

a) Rice → __________
b) Egg → __________
c) Butter → __________
d) Spinach → __________

Answer

a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Vitamins and minerals

🟢 3. Deficiency Diseases Diagram

Question

Identify the diseases shown in the diagram and write the deficient nutrient.

a) Night blindness – __________
b) Scurvy – __________
c) Rickets – __________
d) Anaemia – __________

Answer

a) Vitamin A
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin D
d) Iron

🟢 4. Spread of Communicable Diseases Diagram

Question

Observe the diagram showing the spread of diseases.

a) Name any two ways diseases spread.
b) Write one preventive measure for each.

Answer

a) Through air, insects
b)

Air: Cover mouth while coughing
Insects: Do not allow stagnant water

🟢 5. Hygiene and Cleanliness Diagram

Question

Observe the hygiene diagram.

a) Write any two good hygiene habits shown.
b) Write one bad habit shown.
c) Why is hygiene important?

Answer

a) Washing hands, brushing teeth
b) Eating uncovered food
c) Hygiene prevents germs and diseases

ANSWER KEY

A. Fill in the Blanks

Carbohydrates
growth
small
Roughage
transport
balanced
Vitamin A
iodine
communicable
stagnant

B. Match the Following

1 – b
2 – c
3 – a
4 – d
5 – e

C. True or False

False
True
True
False
True

D. Very Short Answers

Rice, wheat (any two)
Vitamin A
A disease caused due to lack of nutrients
Anaemia
Clean habits that keep us healthy

E. Short Answers

A balanced diet is a diet that contains all nutrients, roughage, and water in proper amounts.
Water helps in digestion and transports nutrients.
Non-communicable diseases do not spread from person to person, e.g., anaemia.
Germs enter the body through contaminated food and water.
Washing hands regularly; eating clean food.

F. Identify the Disease

Scurvy
Rickets
Beriberi
Goitre
Anaemia

G. One-Word Answers

Communicable disease
Antibiotics
Hygiene
Vaccination

H. Long Answer Answers

1. Five Main Components of Food

Carbohydrates: Provide energy; sources – rice, wheat
Fats: Keep body warm and store energy; sources – oil, butter
Proteins: Help in growth and repair; sources – pulses, eggs
Vitamins: Protect from diseases; sources – fruits, vegetables
Minerals: Help in proper body functioning; sources – milk, green leafy vegetables

2. Balanced Diet

A balanced diet contains carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, roughage, and water in proper amounts. It is important because it provides energy, supports growth, improves immunity, and keeps the body healthy and disease-free.

3. Deficiency Diseases

Disease	Deficient Nutrient	Food Source
Night blindness	Vitamin A	Carrot, mango
Scurvy	Vitamin C	Orange, lemon
Rickets	Vitamin D	Milk, sunlight
Anaemia	Iron	Spinach, apple

4. Spread & Prevention of Communicable Diseases

Spread:

Through direct contact
Through dirty food and water
Through insects
Through air

Prevention:

Maintain personal hygiene
Eat clean food
Drink clean water
Keep surroundings clean

5. Hygiene

Hygiene means maintaining cleanliness to stay healthy. Personal hygiene includes washing hands, bathing, and brushing teeth. Community hygiene includes clean surroundings and proper waste disposal. Good hygiene prevents the spread of diseases.