Time: 2 Hours
Maximum Marks: 80
Section A: Fill in the Blanks (10 × 1 = 10 marks)
- The surroundings in which living and non-living things exist are called the __________.
- Plants, animals, and microorganisms are __________ components of the environment.
- Air, water, soil, and sunlight are __________ components of the environment.
- Forests help in maintaining the balance of __________ in the atmosphere.
- Cutting down trees is known as __________.
- The practice of growing crops and rearing animals is called __________.
- __________ are organisms that eat only plants.
- Reusing waste materials helps in reducing __________.
- The natural home of an organism is called its __________.
- Excessive use of plastic causes __________ pollution.
Section B: Multiple Choice Questions (10 × 1 = 10 marks)
- Which of the following is a biotic component?
a) Air b) Water c) Plants d) Soil - Which gas is released by plants during photosynthesis?
a) Carbon dioxide b) Nitrogen c) Oxygen d) Hydrogen - Which of the following helps prevent soil erosion?
a) Cutting trees b) Overgrazing c) Afforestation d) Mining - Which is a renewable resource?
a) Coal b) Petroleum c) Natural gas d) Sunlight - Which of these is a decomposer?
a) Lion b) Cow c) Mushroom d) Eagle - What is the main cause of air pollution?
a) Planting trees b) Vehicle smoke c) Rainfall d) Wind - Which practice helps conserve water?
a) Leaving taps open b) Rainwater harvesting c) Wasting water d) Flooding fields - Which of the following is non-biodegradable?
a) Paper b) Vegetable waste c) Plastic d) Leaves - Which environment includes deserts, forests, and oceans?
a) Social environment b) Natural environment c) Human-made environment d) School environment - The balance between living things and their surroundings is called __________.
a) Pollution b) Ecosystem c) Habitat d) Environment
Section C: True or False (8 × 1 = 8 marks)
- Soil is a biotic component of the environment.
- Plants depend on animals for oxygen.
- Forests help reduce air pollution.
- All human activities harm the environment.
- Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle help protect the environment.
- Water pollution affects aquatic life.
- Non-renewable resources can be replaced quickly.
- Decomposers help clean the environment.
Section D: Match the Following (6 × 1 = 6 marks)
| Column A | Column B |
|---|---|
| 1. Habitat | a) Cutting trees |
| 2. Deforestation | b) Natural home |
| 3. Herbivores | c) Plant eaters |
| 4. Decomposers | d) Break down dead matter |
| 5. Renewable resource | e) Can be reused |
| 6. Pollution | f) Harmful change in environment |
Section E: One Word Answer (8 × 1 = 8 marks)
- Surroundings of living things
- Organisms that eat both plants and animals
- Natural home of an organism
- Gas needed for breathing
- Resources that can be used again
- Practice of planting trees
- Waste that can decay naturally
- Organisms that break down dead plants and animals
Section F: Short Answer Questions (8 × 3 = 24 marks)
- What is environment?
- Differentiate between biotic and abiotic components.
- What is deforestation? Mention one harmful effect.
- Why are forests important for us?
- What is pollution? Name two types.
- Explain the 3Rs of waste management.
- What are renewable and non-renewable resources?
- How can we protect our environment?
Section G: Long Answer Questions (5 × 4 = 20 marks)
- Describe the components of the environment with examples.
- Explain the importance of forests in detail.
- What is pollution? Explain its causes and effects.
- Describe different types of natural resources.
- Explain how human activities affect the environment.
Section H: Case-Based Questions (3 × 5 = 15 marks)
Case Study 1:
A village near a forest faces frequent floods after trees were cut.
a) What activity caused this problem?
b) How did cutting trees lead to floods?
c) Suggest two ways to prevent this situation.
d) Name one long-term effect on the environment.
Case Study 2:
A river near a city has become polluted due to waste disposal.
a) Identify the type of pollution.
b) List two causes of this pollution.
c) How does it affect aquatic life?
d) Suggest two solutions.
Case Study 3:
People in a town started rainwater harvesting.
a) What is rainwater harvesting?
b) Why is it important?
c) Name two benefits.
d) How does it help the environment?
Section I: Diagram-Based Questions (2 × 4 = 8 marks)
- Draw and label the components of the environment (biotic and abiotic).
- Draw a diagram showing the 3Rs – Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.
ANSWER KEY
Section A: Fill in the Blanks
- Environment
- Biotic
- Abiotic
- Oxygen
- Deforestation
- Agriculture
- Herbivores
- Pollution
- Habitat
- Plastic
Section B: Multiple Choice Questions
- c) Plants
- c) Oxygen
- c) Afforestation
- d) Sunlight
- c) Mushroom
- b) Vehicle smoke
- b) Rainwater harvesting
- c) Plastic
- b) Natural environment
- b) Ecosystem
Section C: True or False
- False – Soil is an abiotic component.
- False – Animals depend on plants for oxygen.
- True
- False – Some human activities help the environment.
- True
- True
- False – Non-renewable resources take millions of years to form.
- True
Section D: Match the Following
1 – b) Habitat – Natural home
2 – a) Deforestation – Cutting trees
3 – c) Herbivores – Plant eaters
4 – d) Decomposers – Break down dead matter
5 – e) Renewable resource – Can be reused
6 – f) Pollution – Harmful change in environment
Section E: One Word Answer
- Environment
- Omnivores
- Habitat
- Oxygen
- Renewable resources
- Afforestation
- Biodegradable waste
- Decomposers
Section F: Short Answer Questions (Detailed)
- Environment: The environment includes all living (plants, animals, humans) and non-living (air, water, soil, sunlight) things around us that affect life.
- Biotic and Abiotic components: Biotic components are living things like plants and animals. Abiotic components are non-living things like air, water, soil, and sunlight.
- Deforestation: It is the cutting down of trees on a large scale. It causes soil erosion, floods, and loss of wildlife habitat.
- Importance of forests: Forests provide oxygen, shelter to animals, prevent soil erosion, help in rainfall, and maintain ecological balance.
- Pollution: Pollution is the contamination of air, water, or land by harmful substances. Two types are air pollution and water pollution.
- 3Rs of waste management: Reduce means using less resources, Reuse means using items again, and Recycle means converting waste into new products.
- Renewable and non-renewable resources: Renewable resources like sunlight and wind can be replaced naturally. Non-renewable resources like coal and petroleum cannot be replaced easily.
- Protection of environment: We can protect the environment by planting trees, saving water, reducing waste, avoiding plastic, and controlling pollution.
Section G: Long Answer Questions (Detailed)
- Components of the environment:
The environment has two main components – biotic and abiotic. Biotic components include plants, animals, and microorganisms. Abiotic components include air, water, soil, sunlight, and temperature. Both are interdependent and together support life on Earth. - Importance of forests:
Forests are very important for life on Earth. They provide oxygen for breathing, shelter for animals, wood and medicines for humans, prevent floods and soil erosion, and help maintain climate balance by absorbing carbon dioxide. - Pollution – causes and effects:
Pollution is caused by vehicle smoke, factory waste, cutting trees, and plastic waste. Its effects include diseases, global warming, death of aquatic life, and degradation of soil and air quality. - Natural resources:
Natural resources are materials obtained from nature such as air, water, soil, forests, minerals, and sunlight. They are classified into renewable resources like wind and non-renewable resources like coal and petroleum. - Human activities and environment:
Human activities like deforestation, industrialization, mining, and excessive use of plastic harm the environment. These activities cause pollution, loss of wildlife, climate change, and depletion of natural resources.
Section H: Case-Based Questions (Detailed)
Case 1:
- The problem is caused by deforestation.
- Cutting trees reduces water absorption, leading to floods.
- Planting trees and stopping deforestation can prevent this.
- Long-term effects include loss of biodiversity and climate imbalance.
Case 2:
- Type of pollution: Water pollution.
- Causes: Industrial waste and household garbage.
- Effects: Death of fish and spread of diseases.
- Solutions: Treat waste before disposal and stop dumping waste in rivers.
Case 3:
- Rainwater harvesting is collecting and storing rainwater.
- It is important to conserve water and recharge groundwater.
- Benefits: Reduces water shortage and prevents flooding.
- It helps maintain water balance and supports sustainable use of resources.
Section I: Diagram-Based Questions
- Components of environment diagram: Show plants, animals (biotic) and air, water, soil (abiotic).
- 3Rs diagram: Illustrate Reduce, Reuse, Recycle with arrows showing cycle.